To become an M.D., your career doesn’t end with “becoming a doctor.” There are five major specialties to choose between. Chances are, you will select one of these five major specialties in your fourth year of medical school in order to begin applying to residency programs in your specialty of choice. Don’t stress too much if you’re just starting out. You’ll have the opportunity to sample each of the five specialties so you can choose what’s right for you. Here are some basic facts and information about two of the most hospital-based specialties, surgery and internal medicine.
1.) Surgery.
Surgery is a highly competitive field that certainly isn’t for everyone. Surgery involves highly precise procedures, early hours, constant call, but is a relatively high-paying profession. Most people go on to specialize in order to become more proficient in a smaller number of procedures (heart surgeon, brain surgeon, etc). Surgery tends to be a very demanding and fast-paced profession that is never dull. Some doctors prefer surgery as a specialty because it’s a hands-on, technical profession that keeps them physically active and challenged. Medical students need to have done very well in anatomy and their surgery clerkship in order to consider a career in surgery.
2.) Internal Medicine.
Internal medicine is a hospital-based profession for complex adult medical care. Some sub-specialties of internal medicine can be incredibly competitive (cardiology, gastroneurology, etc.) Internal medicine is a diverse specialty that varies greatly based on which sub-specialty you choose. Certain sub-specialties have strenuous call schedules and difficult cases, whereas others follow more of a “9 to 5” schedule or act on a consultant basis. While internal medicine tends not to be as “hands on” as surgery, some consider internal medicine more mentally challenging and stimulating. Medical students must have done well in their internal medicine rotations and have strong letters of recommendation from their internal medicine advisors in order to do well in an internal medicine residency.












